I-Welding yangoku, i-voltage kunye nesantya se-welding zezona parameters zamandla ezimisela ubungakanani be-weld.
1. Welding okwangoku
Xa ukunyuka kwangoku kwe-welding (ezinye iimeko zihlala zingatshintshi), ubunzulu bokungena kunye nokuphakama okushiyekileyo kokunyuka kwe-weld, kunye nobubanzi bokunyibilika abutshintshi kakhulu (okanye ukunyuka kancinci).Oku kungenxa yokuba:
(1) Emva kokunyuka kwangoku, amandla e-arc kunye negalelo lokushisa kwi-workpiece yonyuka, indawo yomthombo wokushisa ihla, kwaye ubunzulu bokungena buyanda.Ubunzulu bokungena buphantse bulingane ne-welding current.
(2) Emva kokunyuka kwangoku, isixa sokunyibilika kocingo lwe-welding landa phantse ngokulinganayo, kwaye ukuphakama okushiyekileyo kuyanda kuba ububanzi bokunyibilika buphantse bungatshintshi.
(3) Emva kokunyuka kwangoku, ububanzi bekholamu ye-arc buyanda, kodwa ubunzulu be-arc submersible kwi-workpiece buyanda, kunye noluhlu lokuhamba kwendawo ye-arc lulinganiselwe, ngoko ububanzi bokunyibilika buphantse bungatshintshi.
2. Amandla ombane
Emva kokuba i-voltage ye-arc inyukile, amandla e-arc ayanda, igalelo lobushushu le-workpiece liyenyuka, kwaye ubude be-arc bandiswa kwaye i-radius yokusabalalisa iyanda, ngoko ubunzulu bokungena buyancipha kancinci kwaye ububanzi bokunyibilika buyanda.Ukuphakama okushiyekileyo kunciphisa, kuba ububanzi obunyibilikayo buyanda, kodwa inani lokunyibilika kocingo lwe-welding liyancipha kancane.
3. Isantya se-welding
Xa isantya se-welding sinyuka, amandla ayancipha, kwaye ubunzulu bokungena kunye nobubanzi bokungena buyancipha.Ukuphakama okushiyekileyo kuncitshisiwe, ngenxa yokuba ubungakanani bokubekwa kwentsimbi yentsimbi kwi-weld nganye ubude beyunithi buhambelana ngokungafaniyo nesantya se-welding, kunye nobubanzi bokunyibilika buhambelana ngokungafaniyo kwisikwere sesantya se-welding.
apho i-U imele i-welding voltage, mna i-welding current, i-current ichaphazela ubunzulu bokungena, i-voltage ichaphazela ububanzi bokunyibilika, umsinga unenzuzo ukutshisa ngaphandle kokutshisa, i-voltage iluncedo kwi-spatter encinci, ezimbini zilungisa enye. kubo, ukunyenyisa enye iparameter unako ukuwelda ubungakanani lwangoku kunempembelelo enkulu kumgangatho welding kunye nemveliso welding.
I-welding yangoku ichaphazela ubukhulu becala lokungena.Ikhoyo ngoku incinci kakhulu, i-arc ayizinzile, ubunzulu bokungena buncinci, kulula ukubangela iziphene ezifana nokungena okungaxutywanga kunye nokufakwa kwe-slag, kwaye imveliso iphantsi;Ukuba i-current inkulu kakhulu, i-weld ixhomekeke kwiziphene ezifana ne-undercut and burn-through, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ibangele i-spatter.
Ke ngoko, i-welding yangoku kufuneka ikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ingakhethwa ngokubanzi ngokwendlela ye-empirical ngokobubanzi be-electrode, kwaye emva koko ihlengahlengiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwendawo ye-weld, ifom edibeneyo, inqanaba le-welding, ubukhulu be-weldment, njl.
I-voltage ye-arc inqunywe ubude be-arc, i-arc ide, kwaye i-voltage ye-arc iphezulu;Ukuba i-arc imfutshane, i-voltage ye-arc iphantsi.Ubungakanani bombane we-arc buchaphazela ubukhulu becala ukunyibilika kwe-weld.
I-arc ayifanele ibe yinde kakhulu ngexesha lenkqubo ye-welding, ngaphandle koko, ukutshiswa kwe-arc akuzinzile, kwandisa i-spatter yesinyithi, kwaye kuya kubangela i-porosity kwi-weld ngenxa yokuhlasela komoya.Ngoko ke, xa u-welding, zama ukusebenzisa ii-arcs ezimfutshane, kwaye ngokubanzi zifuna ukuba ubude be-arc abudluli ububanzi be-electrode.
Ubungakanani besantya se-welding buhambelana ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso ye-welding.Ukuze ufumane isantya esiphezulu sokuwelda, i-electrode diameter enkulu kunye ne-welding current kufuneka isetyenziswe phantsi kwesiseko sokuqinisekisa umgangatho, kwaye isantya se-welding kufuneka silungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwemeko ethile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubude kunye nobubanzi be-weld. iyahambelana kangangoko.
1. I-welding yenguqu yesiphaluka esifutshane
Utshintsho olufutshane kwi-CO2 arc welding yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu, ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ipleyiti ebhityileyo kunye nesikhundla esigcweleyo, kunye nemilinganiselo ye-arc voltage welding yangoku, isantya sewelding, i-welding circuit inductance, ukuhamba kwegesi kunye ne-welding wire extension length. .
(1) Amandla ombane we-arc kunye nomsinga wokuwelda, kwidayamitha ye-welding ethile kunye nomsinga wokuwelda (oko kukuthi, isantya sokutya kocingo), kufuneka ihambelane nombane ofanelekileyo we-arc ukuze kufumaneke inkqubo ezinzileyo yenguqu yesekethe emfutshane, ngeli xesha isitshizi Okokugqibela.
(2) I-welding circuit inductance, owona msebenzi uphambili wokuthunga:
a.Lungisa isantya sokukhula kwe-short-circuit yangoku i-di/dt, i-di/dt incinci kakhulu ukuba ibangele amasuntswana amakhulu ukuba atshize de icandelo elikhulu le-welding wire ligqabhuke kwaye i-arc icinyiwe, kwaye i-di/dt inkulu kakhulu ukuvelisa inani elikhulu lamaqhekeza amancinci e-spatter yensimbi.
b.Lungisa ixesha lokutshisa i-arc kwaye ulawule ukungena kwesiseko sesinyithi.
c .Isantya sokuwelda.Isantya se-welding esikhawulezayo siya kubangela imiphetho evuthelayo kumacala omabini e-weld, kwaye ukuba isantya se-welding sicotha kakhulu, iziphene ezifana nokutshisa kunye nesakhiwo se-weld esirhabaxa siya kwenzeka ngokulula.
d .Ukuhamba kwerhasi kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobungqingqwa bepleyiti yodidi oludityanisiweyo, iinkcukacha zokuwelda kunye neemeko zokusebenza.Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga lokuhamba kwegesi yi-5-15 L / min xa udibanisa ucingo oluhle, kunye ne-20-25 L / min xa udibanisa ucingo olunzima.
e.Ulwandiso lwecingo.Ubude obufanelekileyo bokwandiswa kocingo kufuneka lube ngamaxesha angama-10-20 ububanzi bocingo lwe-welding.Ngethuba lenkqubo ye-welding, zama ukuyigcina kuluhlu lwe-10-20mm, ubude bokwandiswa buyanyuka, i-welding current iyancipha, ukungena kwesiseko sesinyithi kunciphisa, kwaye ngokuphambene noko, ukunyuka kwangoku kunye nokungena kwanda.Inkulu i-resistantivity yocingo lwe-welding, okukhona kubonakala ngakumbi le mpembelelo.
f.Unikezelo lwamandla polarity.I-CO2 arc welding ngokubanzi ithatha i-DC reverse polarity, i-spatter encinci, i-arc stable isiseko sokungena kwentsimbi inkulu, ukubumba okulungileyo, kunye nomxholo we-hydrogen wentsimbi ye-weld iphantsi.
2. Inguqu ye-fine-particle.
(1) Kwigesi ye-CO2, kwi-diameter ethile ye-welding wire, xa ukunyuka kwangoku kwixabiso elithile kwaye kuhamba noxinzelelo lwe-arc ephezulu, isinyithi esityhidiweyo socingo lwe-welding luya kubhabha ngokukhululekileyo kwi-pool etyhidiweyo kunye namasuntswana amancinci, kwaye le fomu yenguqu yinguqu entle yamasuntswana.
Ngexesha lokutshintshwa kwamasuntswana amahle, ukungena kwe-arc kunamandla, kwaye isiseko sesinyithi sinobunzulu bokungena obukhulu, obufanelekileyo kwisakhiwo se-welding ye-plate ephakathi kunye neyingqimba.Indlela ye-DC ebuyela umva ikwasetyenziselwa ukuwelda i-fine-grain transition.
(2) Njengoko ukunyuka kwangoku, i-voltage ye-arc kufuneka inyuswe, ngaphandle koko i-arc inesiphumo sokuhlamba kwisinyithi esityhidiweyo sechibi, kwaye i-weld eyenza i-weld iyancipha, kwaye ukunyuka okufanelekileyo kwi-arc voltage kunokuphepha le nto.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-voltage ye-arc iphezulu kakhulu, i-splash iya kunyuka kakhulu, kwaye phantsi kwe-current efanayo, i-arc voltage iyancipha njengoko ububanzi bocingo lwe-welding landa.
Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwenguqu ye-CO2 entle kunye nenguqu yejethi kwi-TIG welding.Ukutshintshwa kwejethi kwi-TIG welding i-axial, ngelixa i-particle eguqukayo kwi-CO2 i-non-axial kwaye kusekho i-spatter yesinyithi.Ukongeza, umda wenguqu yejethi yangoku kwi-argon arc welding ineempawu eziguquguqukayo ezicacileyo.(ingakumbi i-welded steel stainless and ferrous metals), ngelixa iinguqu ezicoliweyo azikwenzi.
3. Amanyathelo okunciphisa ukutshiza kwentsimbi
(1) Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha zenkqubo, i-welding arc voltage: Kwi-diameter nganye yocingo lwe-welding kwi-arc, kukho imithetho ethile phakathi komlinganiselo we-spatter kunye ne-welding current.Kwingingqi encinci yangoku, i-short-circuit
I-splash yenguqu incinci, kwaye izinga lokuchaphaza kwindawo enkulu yangoku (indawo yenguqu ye-particle fine) nayo incinci.
(2) I-engile yetotshi ye-welding: itotshi ye-welding inomlinganiselo omncinci wokutshiza xa ithe nkqo, kwaye i-engile yokutyekela inkulu, kokukhona isitshizi sisikhulu.Kungcono ukuthobisa umpu we-welding phambili okanye ngasemva ungabi ngaphezu kwama-20 degrees.
(3) Ubude bokwandisa ucingo lwe-welding: Ubude bokwandiswa kocingo lwe-welding kunempembelelo enkulu kwi-spatter, ubude bokwandiswa kwe-welding wire yanda ukusuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30mm, kwaye inani lokutshiza linyuka malunga ne-5%, ngoko ke ulwandiso. ubude kufuneka bucuthwe kangangoko.
4. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeegesi zokukhusela zineendlela ezahlukeneyo ze-welding.
(1) Indlela ye-welding esebenzisa igesi ye-CO2 njengegesi yokukhusela i-CO2 arc welding.I-preheater kufuneka ifakwe kwi-air supply.Ngenxa yokuba i-CO2 yolwelo ifunxa isixa esikhulu samandla obushushu ngexesha le-gasification eqhubekayo, ukwanda komthamo werhasi emva kokudakumba ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo kuya kunciphisa ubushushu begesi, ukuze kuthintelwe ukufuma kwigesi ye-CO2 ekukhenkceni kwi-cylinder outlet kwaye ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuthintela indlela yegesi, ngoko ke igesi ye-CO2 ifudunyezwa yi-preheater phakathi kwe-cylinder outlet kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
(2) Indlela ye-welding ye-CO2 + i-Ar gas njengendlela yokukhusela igesi ye-MAG ibizwa ngokuba ngukhuseleko lwegesi lomzimba.Le ndlela ye-welding ifanelekile kwi-welding yensimbi engenasici.
(3) I-Ar njengendlela ye-MIG ye-welding ye-gas shielded welding, le ndlela ye-welding ifanelekile kwi-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium alloy welding.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-23-2023