1. Umgaqo ophambili we-arc welding kunye ne-electrodes
Ufakelo kunye nokuwelda imibhobho ebubanzi bayo bungekho bukhulu kakhulu (njengangaphantsi kwama-610mm) kwaye ubude bombhobho abukho mde kakhulu (njengokungaphantsi kwe-100km), ukuwelda kwe-arc ye-electrode kufuneka kuthathwe njengokhetho lokuqala.Kule meko, i-electrode arc welding yeyona ndlela yoqoqosho ye-Welding.
Xa ithelekiswa newelding ezenzekelayo, ifuna izixhobo zokusebenza eziphantsi, iindleko eziphantsi zokuyilungisa, kunye neqela labakhi abaqolileyo.
I-Electrode arc welding isetyenziselwe ukufakela kunye ne-welding iminyaka engaphezu kwama-50.Ii-electrode ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza zikhulile ngokwetekhnoloji.Isixa esikhulu sedatha, uvavanyo lomgangatho lulula.
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukudibanisa imibhobho yentsimbi yezinga eliphezulu, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe ekukhethweni nasekulawuleni iintonga ze-welding kunye neenkqubo zenkqubo.Xa i-welding ilandela ingcaciso yombhobho esemgangathweni AP1STD1104-2005 “Ukuwelda kwemibhobho kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo), sebenzisa iiwelder eziqeqeshiweyo ezithe zaqeqeshwa zavavanywa.Xa i-100% yokuhlolwa kwe-radiographic yenziwa, kunokwenzeka ukulawula izinga lokulungiswa kwazo zonke i-welds ezingaphantsi kwe-3%.
Ngenxa yeendleko eziphantsi kunye nolondolozo.Ngokudityaniswa nomgangatho oqinisekisiweyo, i-electrode arc welding ibe yinto yokuqala yokukhetha uninzi lweekontraki zeprojekthi kwixesha elidlulileyo.
2. Umgaqo ophambili we-arc we-welding ezenzekelayo
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, i-arc i-arc i-welding automatic i-welding yeepayipi iqhutyelwa kwizikhululo ze-welding zemibhobho ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa kwimibhobho.Ukuba imibhobho emibini idityaniswe kufuphi nesiza (i-welding double pipe), inani le-welds kumgca oyintloko lingancitshiswa ngama-40% ukuya kwi-50%, elinciphisa kakhulu umjikelezo wokubeka.
Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ophezulu we-arc ye-arc ye-welding ezenzekelayo yokufaka i-welding yokufakela icacile, ngakumbi kwimibhobho enobubanzi obukhulu (ngaphezu kwe-406mm) kunye nobukhulu bodonga obudlula i-9.5mm, xa umgama wokubeka umde, ngenxa yezizathu zoqoqosho, Ngokuqhelekileyo, indlela ukuwelda kwe-arc okuzenzekelayo kuqwalaselwa kuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, i-veto yevoti enye ingaba indlela yokuthutha imibhobho ephindwe kabini inokwenzeka, ingaba iimeko zendlela ziyakuvumela, kwaye ingaba kukho iimeko zokuthutha imibhobho ephindwe kabini ubude kune-25m.Ngaphandle koko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-arc welding ngokuzenzekelayo kuya kuba nantsingiselo.
Ke ngoko, kwimibhobho yomgama omde enobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-406mm kunye nobukhulu bodonga olukhulu, xa kungekho ngxaki kwezothutho kunye neemeko zendlela, indlela yokuwelda imibhobho ephindwe kabini okanye kathathu ene-arc yokuntywila ngokuzenzekelayo lolona khetho lungcono kwiikontraki zeprojekthi.
3.I-Flux cored wireumgaqo-siseko we-semi-automatic welding ephambili
Idityaniswe ne-electrode arc welding, i-flux cored wire semi-automatic welding yinkqubo efanelekileyo yokudibanisa i-welding kunye nokugubungela i-welding ye-diameter enkulu kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi enodonga olungqingqwa.
Eyona njongo iphambili kukutshintsha inkqubo ye-welding engapheliyo ibe yimo eqhubekayo yokuvelisa, kwaye ukuxinana kwe-welding yangoku kuphezulu kune-electrode arc welding, i-welding wire iyanyibilika ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunokuba ngamaxesha angama-3 ukuya kwe-5 ye-arc ye-electrode. ukuwelda, ngoko ukusebenza kwemveliso kuphezulu.
Okwangoku, i-self-shielded flux-cored wire semi-automatic welding isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho yokudibanisa intsimi ngenxa yokumelana nomoya onamandla, umxholo ophantsi we-hydrogen kwi-weld, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.Yeyona ndlela ikhethwayo yolwakhiwo lwemibhobho kwilizwe lam.
4. Umgaqo ophambili we-MIG welding automatic
Kwimibhobho yomgama omde enobubanzi obungaphezulu kwe-710mm kunye nobukhulu bodonga olukhulu, ukuze kufumaneke ukusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu, i-MIGA ye-welding ngokuzenzekelayo idla ngokuqwalaselwa kuqala.
Le ndlela isetyenziswe iminyaka engama-25, kwaye sele yamkelwa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho yobubanzi obukhulu emhlabeni, kubandakanywa namaqela emibhobho engaselunxwemeni nangaphantsi kwamanzi, kwaye ixatyiswa ngokubanzi eKhanada, eYurophu, kuMbindi Mpuma nakwamanye amazwe kunye nemimandla.
Isizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kukuba umgangatho wofakelo kunye ne-welding unokuqinisekiswa, ngakumbi xa udibanisa imibhobho ephezulu yokuqina.
Ngenxa yesiqulatho esisezantsi se-hydrogen yale ndlela yokuwelda, kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo ekuqulunqweni nasekuveliseni ucingo lokuwelda, ukuba imfuno yokuqina iphezulu okanye umbhobho usetyenziselwa ukuthutha imidiya ene-acidic, ukuwelda imibhobho yentsimbi yodidi oluphezulu ngolu hlobo. indlela inokufumana umgangatho ozinzileyo we-welding.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba xa kuthelekiswa ne-electrode arc welding, utyalo-mali kwinkqubo ye-arc welding yensimbi inkulu, kwaye iimfuno zezixhobo kunye nabasebenzi ziphezulu.Ukugcinwa okufunekayo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe, kunye nezixhobo kunye negesi edibeneyo ehlangabezana neemfuno zococeko kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.ubonelelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-20-2023